Resources (page 271)

Mary Shelley's novel, Frankenstein, tells the story of a budding young scientist whose unconventional scientific experiment creates the well-known monster. The Daemon then seeks to a...

INTRODUCTION. The root mean square (RMS/rms) value of a set of data, aka quadratic mean, is a statistical measure - a type of average - defined as the square root of the mean square ...

A handy concept in quantifying the likelihood of electromagnetic or particulate radiation interacting in a particular way with matter is an abstract one referred to as the `cross sect...

Formula: Kmax = hf - pfi. Under the right circumstances, light or other electromagnetic radiation directed on to the surface of a material can cause electrons to be ejected from the...

The Markov property Pr (X_(n+1)=x ?| X_1= x_1,X_2= x_2,.,X_n= x_n)= Pr (X_(n+1)=x ?| X_n= x_n), Pr (X_1= x_1,X_2= x_2,.,X_n= x_n)>0 Pr (Xn+1 = x | X1 = x1, X2 = x2, ., Xn = xn...

INTRODUCTION Compton scattering is the inelastic scattering of an X or gamma-ray photon by a (virtually) free charged particle (usually an electron), in which some of the photon`s en...

OVERVIEW It seems counter-intuitive that a so-called magnitude 1 star is brighter than a magnitude 6 star. Hipparchus, who bequeathed Ptolemy and then us his classification system,...

The discovery and refinement of Pi and its properties has been a continual process from Ancient civilisations through to modern times. The process of identifying the mathematical prop...

Calculus is a branch of mathematics consisting of two main areas; differentiation and integration. The first development of ideas around calculus and its applications can be traced ba...

I was recently asked what my favourite tip was for using Microsoft Excel more effectively. Without a lot of thought I was able to answer - Tables! "But", I hear you say, "my data is ...