Underwater Communication

Wireless communication technology has become part of our daily life, but the undersea communication is still lacking. Anyhow since a decade research has been conducting on new technology for wireless communication under water. Human knowledge is the main basis where new technological innovations are created. It is an ocean of knowledge. Underwater acoustic communication has unique features in hardware technologies. The science of underwater acoustic has started in 1940.The next major step in the development of underwater acoustics was made by Daniel Colladon and Charles Sturm. Present underwater communication systems involve the transmission of information using either acoustic or optical techniques. Optical systems are generally limited to extremely short distances because of backscatter and absorption. For Underwater communication acoustic methods will continue to be used. Acoustic systems are the most versatile and widely used technique. They will be hard pressed to provide sufficient bandwidth to multiple platforms at the same time. Acoustic communication channel capacity determines the maximum data rate that can be supported (theoretically) by an acoustic channel for a given source power and source/receiver configuration. In practice, additional constraints are imposed on the source spectrum by the bandwidth limitations of physically realizable transducers. The broadband acoustic propagation modeling is applied to estimate the acoustic communication channel capacity of a shallow water waveguide as a function of range for a single source-receiver pair.

Underwater wireless communications will enable new applications ranging from environmental monitoring to gathering of oceanographic data, marine archaeology, and search and rescue missions. Suitable radio patch or satellites relay will extend the communications link to any place on Earth. Now researches are conducting on underwater to identify the treasures undersea.