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What is the process of protein synthesis?
3 years ago

Biology Question asked by Farah

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Protein synthesis is the process of manufacturing proteins which consists of two processes - transcri ption and translation. Transcri ption is a process where DNA is transcribed, and an mRNA (messenger RNA) molecule is produced. Whereas the process of translation involves the mRNA being translated, producing an amino acid sequence.
Answered by Yathavi | 21 months ago
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A great A level response would include:

- DNA is too large to leave the nucleus since it is double-stranded, so it is copied into single-stranded RNA
- this happens in the process of TRANscri ptION, where the enzyme RNA polymerase is used to create a long mRNA molecule out of our cellular DNA
- RNA leaves the nucleus through the nuclear pores
- in RNA, every three bases code for an amino acid through mRNA
- the process of making a amino acid sequence out of the mRNA to create a protein is called TRANSLATION
- the amino acids are joined to each other by peptide bonds on the surface of the ribosomes
- there is an anticodon to every codon (3 letter code) of mRNA which is opposite to it
- these anticodon carrier molecules are attatched to specific amino acids, and they join to the mRNA codon molecules (as opposites attract)
- the sequence of amino acids is made
- this is the primary structure of a protein
- they detach from the ribosome
- tertiary and quaternary structures are made by having the protein fold and be modified by the Golgi apparatus
- the golgi can add sugar groups to proteins, making glycosylated proteins with a sugar prosthetic group
- ready proteins are used by the cell
- proteins are packed into vesicles and released from the cell by exocytosis
Answered by Alisa | 2 years ago
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