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The Understanding Of Genetics (biology Only) (GCSE Biology)

The following is a GCSE Biology test covering 'The Understanding Of Genetics (biology Only)' from the broader topic Inheritance, Variation And Evolution. The test is geared towards the AQA exam board style syllabus.
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What is the name for a change in the DNA sequence that can create a new allele?
Why do polygenic (many-gene) traits tend to show continuous variation in a population?
Why might a harmful recessive allele persist in a population at low frequency?
In a Punnett square cross between two heterozygous parents (Aa × Aa), what fraction of offspring will be homozygous recessive and show a recessive disorder?
What evidence from modern genetics most strongly supports common ancestry among related species?
Cystic fibrosis is caused by a recessive allele. If both parents are carriers (Ff), what is the probability a child will have cystic fibrosis?
Which process produces gametes with half the chromosome number and creates genetic variation by independent assortment and crossing over?
Which technique do scientists use to compare DNA sequences from different species to estimate how closely related they are?
What is meant by a “carrier” for a genetic disease?
Polydactyly is caused by a dominant allele. Which offspring genotypes from parents with genotypes Dd and dd will have polydactyly?
If a disorder is caused by a recessive allele, which genotype will show the disorder?