Inherited Disorders (GCSE Biology)

In a population, the frequency of an allele changes over time because individuals with that allele leave more offspring. What is this process called?

A person inherits two alleles for each gene, one from each parent. What is the term for an individual who has two different alleles for a gene?

What is the role of genetic counselling when a family has a known inherited disorder?

What term describes a permanent change in the DNA sequence that can create a new allele?

Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) can be used during IVF to test embryos for inherited disorders. What is one main advantage of PGD compared with testing during pregnancy?

Which scenario is an example of natural selection acting on genetic variation in a population?

Which term describes small differences between individuals of the same species that are not caused by genes but by the environment?

Gene therapy aims to treat inherited disorders by delivering a healthy gene to patient cells. What is a common vehicle used to carry the therapeutic gene into human cells?

Carrier screening can identify people who carry recessive disease alleles. What is a main benefit of offering carrier screening to couples planning a family?

What is a likely consequence of inbreeding (mating of close relatives) in small populations regarding inherited disorders?

A new drug is being developed to treat a genetic disease. Which step must occur before the drug is widely prescribed to patients?